500 bhp (372 kW) @ 5600 rpm ( 60.4 bhp/liter); 525 lb.-ft. (712 Nm) @ 4200 rpm 2. 10-cylinder 90-degree V-type, liquid-cooled, 505 cubic inches (8277 cc) 3. 356-T6 aluminum alloy block with cast-iron liners, aluminum alloy cylinder heads 4. Bore x Stroke: 4.03 inches x 3.96 inches (102.4 x 100.6) 5. Two pushrod-actuated overhead valves per cylinder with roller-type hydraulic lifters 6.
Sequential, multi-port electronic fuel injection with individual runners 7. Compression Ratio: 9.6:1 8. Max Engine Speed: 6000 rpm 9.
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Fuel Requirement: Unleaded premium, 93 octane (R+M/2) 10. Oil System: Dry Sump; takes 8 quarts Mobil1 10W30 Synthetic 11. Cooling System: Twin aluminum radiators mounted atop engine intake manifolds, force-fed from front-mounted, belt-driven turbine fan. Takes 11 quarts of antifreeze.
Exhaust System: Equal-length tubular stainless steel headers with dual collectors and central rear outlets SUSPENSION: Front: Outboard, single-sided parallel upper and lower control arms made from polished billet aluminum. Mounted via ball joint to aluminum steering uprights and hubs. Five degrees caster. Single, fully adjustable centrally located coil-over damper ( 2.25-inch coil with adjustable spring perch); pullrod and rocker-actuated mono linkage. Center-lock racing-style hubs. Rear: Hand-fabricated box-section steel inboard swing arms, incorporating 'hydral-link' lockable recirculating hydraulic circuit parking stand.
Single fully adjustable centrally located Koni coil-over damper ( 2.25-inch coil with adjustable spring perch); pushrod and rocker-actuated mono linkage. Center-lock racing-style hubs BRAKES: Front: 20-inch perimeter-mounted drilled machined stainless steel rotors, one per wheel. Two four-piston fixed aluminum calipers per wheel (16 pistons total), custom designed. Blue anodized caliper finish.
Rear: 20-inch perimeter-mounted drilled cast-iron rotors, one per wheel. One four-piston fixed aluminum caliper per wheel (8 pistons total), custom designed. Blue anodized caliper finish.
The Tomahawk is a Viper V-10 based motorcycle, a 500 horsepower engine with four wheels beneath it. Chrysler will be selling the original Tomahawk concept and nine replicas through Neiman Marcus, for up to $555,000 each. The motorcycles cannot be licensed, so they cannot be legally driven on public roads. A Chrysler spokesman told Reuters they were meant as rolling sculptures.
Rumors had the Tomahawk selling for under $200,000, most likely at a loss or breakeven price, for publicity purposes - but still fully drivable. Wolfgang Bernhard, Chrysler's not particularly respected first mate, was said to be enthusiastic about that project, so much so that hundreds were projected to be built at under $200,000 each. They reportedly cost Chrysler over $100,000 to build (admittedly the work is outsourced). The Dodge Tomahawk can reach 60 miles an hour in about 2.5 seconds, and has a theoretical top speed of nearly 400 mph. Each pair of wheels is separated by a few inches and each wheel has an independent suspension.
Bernhard said four wheels were necessary to handle the power from the engine. The Tomahawk remains on display at auto shows - though well out of reach of the general public, elevated on a special display. PERFORMANCE: 0-60 mph: 2.5 seconds (est.) Top Speed: 300+ mph (est.) DIMENSIONS: Length: 102 inches Width: 27.7 inches Height: 36.9 inches Wheelbase: 76 inches Seat Height: 29 inches Weight: 1,500 lbs.
Track, Front: 8.75 in Track, Rear: 10 in Weight Dist: 49F/51R Ground Clearance: 3 in Fuel: 3.25 gallons ELECTRICAL SYSTEM: Alternator: 136-amp high-speed Battery: Leak-resistant, maintenance-free 600 CCA Lighting: Headlights consist of 12 five-watt LEDs, front, with beam-modifying optics and masked lenses. Eight LEDs, rear.
Headlamps articulate with wheels. TRANSMISSION: Manual, foot-shifted two-speed Aluminum-cased two-speed, sequential racing-style with dog ring, straight-cut gears Gear Ratios: 1st 18:38; 2nd 23:25 Clutch: Double-disc, dry-plate with organic friction materials, hand lever actuated with assist Final drive: Dual 110-link motorcycle-style chains Front Sprockets: 14 teeth Rear Sprockets: 35 teeth Longitudinal, centrally mounted engine, rear-wheel drive layout; monocoque construction, engine is central, stressed member. Body of b illet aluminum. * Eat a Brain-Healthy Diet. A diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids (commonly found in fish), protein, antioxidants, fruits and vegetables and vitamin B; low in trans fats; and with an appropriate level of carbohydrates will help keep your brain healthy. * Stay Mentally Active.
Activities such as learning a new skill or language, working on crossword puzzles, taking classes, and learning how to dance can help challenge and maintain your mental functioning. * Exercise Regularly. Exercising often can increase circulation, improve coordination, and help prevent conditions that increase the risk of dementia such as heart disease, stroke and diabetes. * Stay Social.
Spending time with friends, volunteering, and traveling can keep your mind active and healthy. * Get Plenty of Sleep. Not getting enough sleep can have a negative impact on brain health. * Manage Stress. Participating in yoga, spending time with friends, or doing other stress-relieving activities can help preserve your ability to remember and learn. * Prevent Brain Injury.
Wearing protective head gear and seat belts can help you avoid head injury, which has been associated with an increased risk of dementia. * Control Other Health Conditions. Maintaining a healthy weight, exercising, eating a well-balanced and nutritious diet, and controlling stress can help reduce your risk of diseases that affect your brain, including diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure and hypertension. * Avoid Unhealthy Habits. Smoking, heavy drinking and use of recreational drugs can increase the risk of dementia and cognitive decline. * Consider Your Genes. If your family history puts you at risk for developing dementia, work with your doctor to find ways to maintain your brain health to help avoid or slow the progression of cognitive decline.
'AWG' redirects here. For other uses, see. Wire gauge ( AWG), also known as the Brown & Sharpe wire gauge, is a system used since 1857 predominantly in North America for the diameters of round, solid, nonferrous, wire. Dimensions of the wires are given in standard B 258. The cross-sectional area of each gauge is an important factor for determining its. Hp Pavilion Zt3000 Sound Driver Download there. Increasing gauge numbers denote decreasing wire diameters, which is similar to many other gauging systems such as British (SWG), but unlike, the wire-size standard used in most parts of the world.
This gauge system originated in the number of used to produce a given gauge of wire. Very fine wire (for example, 30 gauge) required more passes through the than 0 gauge wire did. Manufacturers of wire formerly had proprietary wire gauge systems; the development of standardized wire gauges rationalized selection of wire for a particular purpose. The AWG tables are for a single, solid, round conductor.
The AWG of a stranded wire is determined by the cross-sectional area of the equivalent solid conductor. Because there are also small gaps between the strands, a stranded wire will always have a slightly larger overall diameter than a solid wire with the same AWG. AWG is also commonly used to specify (especially smaller sizes), even when the material is not metallic. • or, equivalently, /km • or, equivalently, Ω/kft • ^ Exactly, by definition In the North American electrical industry, conductors larger than 4/0 AWG are generally identified by the area in thousands of (kcmil), where 1 kcmil = 0.5067 mm 2. The next wire size larger than 4/0 has a cross section of 250 kcmil. A circular mil is the area of a wire one in diameter.
One million circular mils is the area of a circle with 1000 mil (1 inch) diameter. An older abbreviation for one thousand circular mils is MCM. Stranded wire AWG sizes [ ] AWG gauges are also used to describe stranded wire. In this case, it describes a wire which is equal in cross-sectional area to the total of all the cross-sectional areas of the individual strands; the gaps between strands are not counted.
When made with circular strands,, thus requiring a wire about 5% thicker than equivalent solid wire. Stranded wires are specified with three numbers, the overall AWG size, the number of strands, and the AWG size of a strand.
The number of strands and the AWG of a strand are separated by a slash. For example, a 22 AWG 7/30 stranded wire is a 22 AWG wire made from seven strands of 30 AWG wire. Nomenclature and abbreviations in electrical distribution [ ].
Main article: Alternative ways are commonly used in the electrical industry to specify wire sizes as AWG. • 4 AWG (proper) • #4 (the is used as an abbreviation for 'number') • No. 4 ( is used as an abbreviation for 'number') • No.
4 AWG • 4 ga. (abbreviation for 'gauge') • 000 AWG (proper for large sizes) • 3/0 (common for large sizes) Pronounced 3 aught • 3/0 AWG • #000 • #3/0 The industry also bundles for use in distribution in homes and businesses, identifying a bundle's wire size followed by the number of wires in the bundle. The most common type of distribution cable, NM-B, is generally implied: • #14/2 (also written '14-2') is a nonmetallic (NM) sheathed bundle (-B) of three solid 14 AWG wires having a bare ground in the middle of two insulated conductors. The insulation surrounding the two conductors is white and black, for neutral and 'hot' (electrified) respectively.
This sheath for 14 AWG cable is usually white when used for NM-B wiring intended for electrical distribution in a dry location, although older wire may be black. #14 wire is used mainly in circuits with a 15-ampere.
• #12/2 is a nonmetallic sheathed bundle of three solid 12 AWG wires having a bare ground in the middle of two insulated conductors in a flat-shaped NM-B yellow-colored sheath. The color is a North American industry standard for cables made since 2003, and aids identification. It is always used for countertop appliance outlets in kitchens, and often for outlets in bathrooms (for high-wattage ) and other rooms. • #10/ 3 with ground (also written '10-3 w/gnd') is a nonmetallic sheathed bundle of four solid 10 AWG wires having a bare ground and three insulated conductors twisted into a round-shaped NM-B orange-colored sheath. The insulated conductors are black, white, and red, usually supplying both 120 and 240 volts for.
Some cables of this type may be flat to save copper. • #8 and larger cables are now insulated in black, with 6/3 for 50-amp in kitchens, and 0/2 (two black-insulated #0 AWG wires, plus ground) for the main 200-amp cable from the and to the main breaker panel. 14/3 and 12/3 cables are also available, used mainly between three-way (two-location) switches, and to have separate wall controls for and their attached, or to have one half of a duplex outlet switched and the other always on.
12/2 and 14/2 can also be used for the rare 240-volt-only 15- or 20-amp plug by clearly marking the white wire red, since there is no neutral wire. Two conductor cable is available with black and red conductors only for this purpose; the outer sheath is likewise red.
277/480-volt cable is identical to 120/240, except that neutral is grey and hot is yellow (plus an optional orange, used as the red is). The higher voltage, used only in large non- buildings, allows more than twice as much (in ) to be drawn through the same gauge of wire. UF-B cable is 'underground feeder' cable, which regardless of wire gauge has a solid waterproof grey sheath completely surrounding and filling the space between the conductors, which still have their individual colors. Other types of armored or metallic cable (types AC and MC) have an aluminum casing that may be used as a ground conductor, for which it is not necessary to calculate an equivalent wire gauge. All new cables are marked as being 'with ground' or 'w/gnd', since installation of ungrounded cables has been prohibited by for decades. The ground wire is typically the same gauge as the others, despite not being intended to carry large amounts of current for more than a few seconds in the event of a. This section does not any.
Unsourced material may be challenged and. (May 2017) () wire is typically #18, while are #16, with #14 common on cords grounded for outdoor use, and #12 available. Mini were mostly #24 through 1997, when that gauge was arbitrarily de-rated from 3 to 2.5 amps, preventing manufacturers from getting certification for the same products which had already been approved for more than two decades. They were forced to use the formerly heavy-duty standard of #22 wire (itself de-rated from 5 to 4 amps), plus thicker insulation, which in turn caused them to shortchange customers by drastically shortening the light socket spacing and usable length of sets. This change also made light strings stiff and unsightly.
Heavy-duty mini lights are now 20 AWG, with larger screw-in bulbs having sockets on 18 AWG lamp wire. Pronunciation [ ] AWG is colloquially referred to as gauge and the zeros in large wire sizes are referred to as. Wire sized 1 AWG is referred to as 'one gauge' or 'No.
1' wire; similarly, smaller diameters are pronounced ' x gauge' or 'No. X' wire, where x is the positive integer AWG number. Consecutive AWG wire sizes larger than No. 1 wire are designated by the number of zeros: • No.
0, typically written 1/0 and is referred to as 'one aught' wire • No. 00, typically written 2/0 and is referred to as 'two aught' wire • No. 000, typically written 3/0 and is referred to as 'three aught' wire, and so on.
See also [ ] • •, the metric wire-size standard used in most parts of the world. • •, Electrical industry standard for wires larger than 4/0. •, the British imperial standard BS3737, superseded by the metric. • • • • •, a term used in the New Zealand vernacular References [ ]. Archived from on 22 July 2014. Retrieved 22 March 2015.
(subscription required) • • The logarithm to the base 92 can be computed using any other logarithm, such as or, using log 92 x = (log x)/(log 92). • ASTM Standard B 258-02, page 4 • The result is roughly 2.0050, or one-quarter of one percent higher than 2 • (Technical report). Circular of the Bureau of Standards No.31 (3d ed.). United States Department of Commerce.
October 1, 1914. • Figure for solid copper wire at 68, (Not in accordance to NEC Codebook 2014 Ch.
9, Table 8) computed based on 100% IACS conductivity of 58.0 M/m, which agrees with multiple sources: • Mark Lund, PowerStream Inc.,, retrieved 2008-05-02 (although the ft/m conversion seems slightly erroneous) • Master Catalog, 2006, although data from there for gauges 35 and 37–40 seems obviously wrong. High-purity can achieve up to 101.5% IACS conductivity; e.g., the lists slightly lower resistances than this table. • 2008-10-15 at the. Table 310.15(B)(16) (formerly Table 310.16) page 70-161, 'Allowable ampacities of insulated conductors rated 0 through 2000 volts, 60°C through 90°C, not more than three current-carrying conductors in raceway, cable, or earth (directly buried) based on ambient temperature of 30°C.' Extracts from do not represent the full position of and the original complete Code must be consulted. In particular, the maximum permissible devices may set a lower limit. • Reference Data for Engineers: Radio, Electronics, Computer and Communications 7th Ed • Computed using equations from H.
Wayne Beaty; Donald G. (2007), The Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers (15th ed.), McGraw Hill, pp. 4–25, • Douglas Brooks (December 1998), (PDF), Printed Circuit Design, 15 (12): 53 • W. Preece (1883),, Proceedings of the Royal Society (36): 464–471 • W. Preece (1887),, Proceedings of the Royal Society, II (43): 280–295 • W. Avant Garde Black Font. Preece (1888),, Proceedings of the Royal Society, III (44): 109–111 • ^ Douglas G, Brooks; Johannes Adam (29 June 2015),, Printed Circuit Design and Fab • E. Stauffacher, (June 1928), (PDF), General Electric Review, 31 (6) Further reading [ ] • and H.
Wayne Beaty, Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers, Eleventh Edition,McGraw-Hill, New York, 1978,, page 4-18 and table 4-11. • • How to use a.